Problem solving is the process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles, a frequent part of most activities. Problems in need of solutions range from simple personal tasks to complex issues in business and technical fields. The former is an example of simple problem solving (SPS) addressing one issue, whereas the latter is complex problem solving (CPS) with multiple interrelated obstacles. Another classification of problem-solving tasks is into well-defined problems with specific obstacles and goals, and ill-defined problems in which the current situation is troublesome but it is not clear what kind of resolution to aim for. Similarly, one may distinguish formal or fact-based problems requiring psychometric intelligence, versus socio-emotional problems which depend on the changeable emotions of individuals or groups, such as tactful behavior, fashion, or gift choices.

किसी समस्या का समाधान (हल) प्राप्त करने के लिये क्रमबद्ध तरीके से किसी सामान्य विधि या तदर्थ विधि का उपयोग करना पड़ता है। समस्या समाधान अधिगम के अन्तर्गत जीवन में आने वाली नवीन समस्याओं के तरीको का सीखना आता है।